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"Besonders schwere Einsätze bevorständen" genocidal debut for the Polizei-Bataillon 307 Brest-Litowsk, 13 July 1941
It would have been the Wehrmacht infact, through the command of the 221 Sich.Div., to send to the HSSPF von dem Bach, on 7 July 1941, a request for a company of the Polizei-Bataillon 307, to be used in the area of the FK 184 of Brest Litowsk (Maj.Gen. Stubenrauch), being the division, no more able to assure, with its own limited resurces, the security of the depots and the "cleansing" of the town
19. At that point, having received a positive response by von dem Bach (
8 July)
20, roundups were accomplished since the hours immediately following, as well as "sanitization" ops, both in the urban area of Brest Litowsk and in the surroundings. Infact, according to what the Berück Mitte Max von Schenkendorff stated, on
9 July 1941 "the systematic rounding-up of several localities, among which Bialystok and Brest Litowsk" had been launched, with the collaboration of the Ordnungspolizei and the SD
21: and apparently, this would have been made with the aim to provide the security of the Wehrmacht rear area, even through the seizure of hostages and the involvement in typical police actions (Durchsuchungsaktionen der Pol.), of the military units
22.
19 Mallmann Einsiteg, pages 84, 87. Verbatim: "zur Sicherung der Lager und Säuberung der Stadt". BA-MA, RH 26-221/12. The request of the 221 Sich.-Div. to von dem Bach, was originated by two previous reports, compiled by Stubenrauch and Stahr, that the divisional Command had desperately needed", for the surveillance of the depots and of the hundreds freight cars, loaded with captured materials, and for the "cleansing" of the area from the Soviet stragglers. Browning Policy, page 119. NARA T-315/1667/358-9, 374-6.
20 Westermann, pages 176, 284. "Der HSSPF zbV beim Berück Mitte. Betr.: Säuberungsaktion in Brest. 8.7.1941". BA-MA, RH 26-221/12a.
21 Browning Policy, page 120, Mallmann Einstieg, page 84, 87, Kopitzsch, page 264. "Zehntagemeldung Berück 102 an OKH vom 9.7.1941: Unter Zuhilfenahme der dem Befehlshaber zur Verfügung stehenden Kräfte der Orpo und des SD ist mit dem systematischen Durchsuchen der grösseren Ortschaften, insbesondere von Bialystok und Brest begonnen worden".
22 See the order of von Schenkendorff to the 221 Sich.-Div. of 9.7.1941 - NARA T 315/1667/357. Browning Policy, page 120.
During the first stage, immediately after the arrival in Brest Litowsk of the first German trrops, 3 or 4.000 prisoners, previously jailed by the NKVD had been released. The release caused the strong complaints of Nebe, the commander of the EGB, according to which, the occupation authorities would have been deprived of a powerful repressive tool. The releases were completed around 5 July. Curilla, page 571. About the arrests, carried out by the NKVD in Eastern Poland and in Western Ukraine, annexed to the Soviet Union, see Bogdan Musial: "Konterrevolutionäre Elemente sind zu erschiessen"
BIBLIOGRAPHYBrowning, Christopher:Nazi Policy, Jewish Workers, German Killers. Cambridge, 2003. Quoted Browning Policy.
Curilla, Wolfgang: Die Deutsche Ordnungspolizei und der Holocaust im Baltikum und in Weissrussland, 1941-1944. Paderborn, 2006.
Mallmann, Klaus-Michael: Der Einstieg in den Genozid. Das Lübecker Polizeibataillon 307 und das Massaker in Brest-Litowsk Anfang July 1941. In Archiv für Polizeigeschichte nr. 29, 3/1999, pages 82-88, Lübeck, 1999.
Westermann, Edward B.: Hitler’s Police Bataillons. Einforcing Racial War in the East. Lawrence, 2005.
http://www.ordnungspolizei.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=216:luglio-2009-esordio-genocida-per-il-polizei-bataillon-307-brest-litowsk-13-luglio-1941&catid=38:articoli&Itemid=63〈=en
Согласно донесению зондеркоманды, по прибытии в Брест 5 июля она первым делом освободила 3 - 4 тысячи заключенных тюрьмы. Это вызвало яростный гнев у командира АГ Б Небе, заявившего, что тем самым оккупационные власти выпустили из своих рук мощный репрессивный инструмент (поскольку заключенные были злейшими врагами Советской власти).